Al-Azhar University

Located in Cairo, Egypt, Al-Azhar University was founded in 972 CE as a madrasa—a place of Islamic learning. By teaching numerous subjects in the same place, it was one of the first universities in the world and the only one to survive as a modern university. Historically, students primarily studied the Qur’an and Islamic law. Today, the university is the world’s chief center of Arabic literature and Islamic learning. When did it begin teaching a wide range of secular subjects? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Valerie Solanas Attempts to Assassinate Andy Warhol (1968)

In the mid-1960s, American pop-art icon Andy Warhol began to devote much of his time and energy to filmmaking, producing marathon films on boredom and voyeurism that featured deliberately coarse amalgams of sexuality and banality. In 1968, he was shot and wounded by Valerie Solanas, a feminist writer who had appeared in one of his films. Warhol never fully recovered from the shooting and died from complications following surgery in 1987. What sparked Solanas’ ire towards Warhol? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Otto Loewi (1873)

Loewi was a German-born American physiologist and pharmacologist. A professor of pharmacology at Austria’s University of Graz, he was forced into exile by the Nazi purge of professors in 1938 and began teaching at New York University in 1940. He investigated the physiology and pharmacology of metabolism, the kidneys, the heart, and the nervous system. For his discovery of the chemical transmission of nerve impulses, he shared the 1936 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with whom? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

XYY Syndrome

XYY syndrome is a chromosomal anomaly characterized by the presence of one X-chromosome and two Y-chromosomes. Some medical geneticists question whether the term “syndrome” is appropriate for this sex-linked trisomy, because afflicted males are physically normal—though they tend to be above average in height—and the vast majority of those affected do not know that they possess the extra chromosome. About 1 in 1,000 boys are born with this condition. How does the chromosomal disorder develop? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Pontiac’s Rebellion: Ojibwas Capture Fort Michilimackinac (1763)

In 1763, immediately after the French and Indian Wars, several Native American tribes allied against the British in an uprising that became known as Pontiac’s Rebellion, after the Ottawa leader Pontiac. They captured and destroyed many British outposts. On the day of the surprise attack on Fort Michilimackinac, the Ojibwas, or Chippewas, approached the fort without arousing suspicion among the watching British soldiers by staging a game of baaga’adowe—the precursor of what modern sport? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary