First Issue of the New-York Daily Times, now The New York Times, Is Printed (1851)

Originally sold for a penny a copy, the New-York Daily Times was founded by journalist and politician Henry Jarvis Raymond in 1851 and has been controlled by the Ochs-Sulzberger family since 1896. The paper shortened its name to The New York Times in 1857. Perhaps the most respected newspaper in the world, it has been awarded more Pulitzer Prizes than any other. In 2006, the newspaper announced that it would save how much money by narrowing its page width by 1.5 inches (4 cm)? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Edwin Mattison McMillan (1907)

As a physicist working at the University of California’s Lawrence Radiation Laboratory in the 1940s, McMillan helped discover plutonium and neptunium. The latter was the first transuranic—having a heavier nucleus than uranium—element to be discovered. For his work in that field, he shared the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with chemist Glenn Seaborg. He was also involved in research on radar, sonar, and nuclear weapons during WWII and is credited with building the first synchrotron—which is what? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Radiolarians

Radiolarians are a highly diverse group of marine protozoa widely recognized for their intricately ornate mineral skeletons. Part of the plankton community, radiolarians have a fossil record that extends back to the early Paleozoic era. Because they have undergone continuous evolutionary change, they are often used to analyze the layers of the marine sedimentary record. What German biologist produced exquisite drawings of radiolarians that helped to popularize them among Victorian microscopists? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

The Battle of Antietam (1862)

In September 1862, Confederate General Robert E. Lee crossed the Potomac River to invade Maryland and Pennsylvania. He was met by Union General George McClellan. The resulting Battle of Antietam, fought near Sharpsburg, Maryland, was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with a total of 23,000 casualties. It was a Union victory only in the sense that Lee’s invasion was stopped. McClellan was later removed from command and was faulted for failing to act on what crucial opportunity? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Constitution and Citizenship Day

A number of states and cities hold special exercises on September 17 to focus attention on the rights and obligations of citizenship. Schools make a special effort to acquaint their students with the history and importance of the Constitution. Naturalization ceremonies, re-creations of the signing of the Constitution, and parades are other popular ways of celebrating Constitution and Citizenship Day. Several states observe the entire week in which this day occurs as Constitution Week. Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

William Carlos Williams (1883)

Trained as a pediatrician, Williams wrote poetry and practiced medicine in his New Jersey hometown. Regarded as one of the most original American poets of the 20th century, he closely observed American life and recorded his impressions in a lucid style. His poems, such as “The Red Wheelbarrow” and “This Is Just To Say,” are noted for making the ordinary appear extraordinary. Williams was posthumously awarded the Pulitzer Prize for what volume of poetry? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

The Great Stock Exchange Fraud of 1814

The Great Stock Exchange Fraud of 1814 was perpetrated by several men who conspired to artificially boost the prices of British government securities by spreading false information about the Napoleonic Wars. They began a rumor that Napoleon I of France had been killed, sending stocks soaring. Before the government was able to refute the news—a move that would cause prices to plummet—a sale of more than £1.1 million of two government-based stocks was processed. Were the conspirators ever caught? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary