Eradication of Smallpox Is Certified (1979)

One of the deadliest diseases in history by sheer loss of life, smallpox was the target of a concerted, worldwide eradication campaign in the 20th century, and it became the first disease to have been successfully wiped out. Efforts focused on vaccination and quickly responding to and curtailing outbreaks. The last person to die from smallpox caught it at a laboratory, where samples of the now-vanquished disease remain. Who is the last person known to have contracted it in the wild? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Antigua National Heroes Day

Antigua and Barbuda has four citizens who have been designated as National Heroes, and December 9 is a public holiday to honor and celebrate all of them. The date is the birthday of one of the four, Sir Vere Cornwall Bird, the first prime minister of Antigua, who is considered the father of the nation. The others are King Court, who led a slave revolt in 1736; Dame Ellen Georgian Nellie Robinson, a pioneer in education; and Sir Vivian Richards, one of the world’s greatest cricket players. Speeches and ceremonies honor the accomplishments of the National Heroes on this day. Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717)

The son of a German cobbler, Winckelmann overcame years of hardship to pursue his love of ancient Greek art, becoming a renowned scholar and one of the founders of scientific archaeology and art history. He spent much of his later life studying in the vast Vatican Library, and his writings reawakened the popular taste for Classical art and helped spur the Neoclassical movement. In 1768, a fellow traveler—who did not know who Winckelmann was—murdered him at a hotel, ostensibly for what reason? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Potatoes Save the USS O’Bannon

The USS O’Bannon was a US Navy destroyer deployed to the Southwest Pacific during World War II. On patrol on April 5, 1943, the O’Bannon sighted a Japanese submarine on the ocean’s surface and fired upon it, but the submarine soon moved too close to be attacked with the main guns. When the Japanese crew came topside, the US sailors pelted them with potatoes. Believing they were being assaulted with grenades, the Japanese panicked and threw their guns overboard. What happened next? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty Is Signed (1987)

Signed by US President Ronald Reagan and USSR General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev, the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty represented a historic shift in superpower relations. The first treaty to mandate a reduction in stockpiled weapons rather than just a limit on them, it required the destruction of 1,752 Soviet and 859 US missiles. Though the agreement has been upheld by some Soviet successor states, Russian President Vladimir Putin said what about the treaty in 2007? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Day of the Beaches (Día de las Playas)

In Uruguay, December 8 is known as the Day of the Beaches because it marks the official opening of the beach season on the coast known as the “Uruguayan Riviera.” There are ceremonies in which a priest blesses the waters, sailing regattas, horseback riding competitions, and an international shooting contest at Carrasco. Sometimes this day is referred to as Family Day or Blessing of the Waters Day. Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Diego Rivera (1886)

Rivera was a Mexican mural painter. In Europe, he was influenced by the paintings of El Greco and Goya and closely associated with Cézanne and Picasso. Convinced that his art belonged to the populace and should be displayed in public spaces, he returned to Mexico in 1921 and painted, with the assistance of younger artists, large murals dealing with the life, history, and social problems of Mexico. He later completed several murals in the US. Rivera was twice married to what famous artist? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

The Inscription of Behistun

Carved about 328 ft (100 m) up the face of a cliff in Iran’s Kermanshah Province, the Behistun Inscription recounts the reign of Darius I of Persia in 3 cuneiform languages: Old Persian, Susian, and Assyrian. The decipherment of these 6th century BCE inscriptions provided scholars with the key to cuneiform script, becoming to cuneiform what the Rosetta Stone is to Egyptian hieroglyphs. How were 19th-century scholars able to copy the inscription? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary