Sophia Jex-Blake (1840)

In 1858, Jex-Blake enrolled in college against the wishes of her parents. She struggled to find a medical school that would accept women, and though she persuaded the University of Edinburgh to admit her, she could not graduate. She took her fight to Parliament, which passed a law enabling women to receive medical degrees. Jex-Blake founded two medical schools for women, and, after obtaining her degree in 1877, became the third female doctor in the UK. What became of her Edinburgh home? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

The Portuguese Bank Note Crisis

Perpetrated by Portuguese criminal Alves dos Reis, the Portuguese Bank Note Crisis was one of the largest frauds in history. In 1924, Reis forged a contract that fooled a legitimate print company into printing illegitimate banknotes for him. By the time his scheme was revealed, Reis had introduced into circulation banknotes equivalent to nearly 1% of Portugal’s gross domestic product at the time, causing widespread economic and political repercussions. How did he initially cover up his scam? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Nazi Officials Decide on “The Final Solution” (1942)

In early 1942, Nazi officials held a conference at Lake Wannsee in Berlin to discuss what “final solution” would be used to eliminate the Jewish population of Europe. On paper, the plan called for gathering Jews into camps for deportation to work details in the East. The official record of the meeting does not mention killing but notes that the “evacuation” was to happen as soon as possible. Who later admitted that the actual conversation at the meeting differed significantly from the record? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde National Heroes’ Day

Citizens of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde have great reverence for Amílcar Cabral (1921–1973), a nationalist leader who was assassinated before he could see his native Guinea-Bissau and nearby Cape Verde achieve independence from Portugal. The two countries settled on January 20 as their National Heroes’ Day because it falls on the anniversary of Cabral’s murder. A public holiday, National Heroes’ Day commemorates the legacies of Cabral and other freedom fighters. Leftist associations have observed the day by holding symposiums on the writings and political theories of Cabral. Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Allan Haines Lockheed (1889)

Though Malcolm and Allan Loughead attended only elementary school, the mechanically gifted brothers built their first airplane in 1913. Malcolm soon left the industry, but Allan persisted. Though several of his aircraft companies failed, his name—with the spelling changed to Lockheed—would eventually be connected to one of the world’s largest aerospace manufacturers. Who once turned down a flight in Lockheed’s first plane by saying he would not fly in any plane “for all the money in California”? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Murder, Inc.

Murder, Inc., is the name given by the press to the band of professional killers who operated throughout the US in the 1930s and 40s as the enforcement arm of the Syndicate, a confederation of organized crime groups. Allegedly protected by corrupt politicians, they were able to commit well over 100 murders before law enforcement authorities launched a campaign against the mob that resulted in a number of convictions and executions. Who were some of the notorious members of Murder, Inc.? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Madagascar’s Ancient ‘Pelican Spiders’ Are As Striking As They Are Strange

Traipsing through the thick brush of the Madagascan jungle in search of exotic spider species, all the while plucking bloodthirsty land leeches from your legs and eyeing the sky for signs of cyclones, might not be an activity high on your personal bucket list. For … Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary