Dorothea Dix (1802)

Dix left an unhappy home at age 10 to live with her grandmother in Boston. By age 14, the resourceful Dix was on her own and working as a schoolteacher. In 1841, while teaching in a Massachusetts prison, Dix saw firsthand the inhumane way that mentally ill prisoners were treated. Appalled, she became a pioneer in the movement for humane treatment of the insane. Her efforts brought about widespread reforms in both the US and Canada. What position did Dix hold during the US Civil War? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Erzsébet Báthory: Serial Killer Countess

Remembered as the “Bloody Lady of Cachtice” and considered the most infamous serial killer in Hungarian and Slovak history, Erzsébet Báthory was a 17th-century Hungarian countess from the renowned Báthory family. Accused of torturing and killing hundreds of young girls, Báthory was arrested and sentenced to house arrest in 1610. Her story inspired numerous legends, including that of the countess bathing in her victims’ blood in order to retain her youth. How did she die? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Microsoft Loses Anti-Trust Case over Internet Explorer (2000)

In the mid-1990s, Netscape’s Navigator browser, which was paid software, became the de facto on-ramp to the Web. Recognizing the Internet’s potential, Microsoft quickly developed Internet Explorer and cornered the market by bundling it with its Windows operating system. This became a central issue of the US Department of Justice antitrust case brought against Microsoft in 1998. In 2000, the judge hearing the case ruled against Microsoft and ordered the company to be broken up. Why wasn’t it? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Jane Goodall (1934)

Soon after finishing high school, Goodall fulfilled her childhood ambition of traveling to Africa, where she assisted British anthropologist Louis Leakey, who suggested she study chimpanzees. In 1960, she established a research camp in what is now Tanzania. For decades, she kept meticulous records of chimpanzees’ movements, interactions, and social organization. Her observations established that chimpanzees have complex social behaviors and disproved what long-standing beliefs? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Caenorhabditis elegans

The first multicellular organism to have its genome fully sequenced, C. elegans is a nematode that lives in soil, feeds on bacteria, and reaches about 0.04 in (1 mm) in length. Its small genome and transparent skin have led it to be widely used as a “model organism” by geneticists and developmental biologists. Because it experiences the same symptoms as humans undergo when they stop using a certain product, C. elegans has been identified as a model for dependence on what substance? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Sverdlovsk Anthrax Leak (1979)

Known as the “biological Chernobyl,” the accidental release of anthrax at a Russian military facility in Sverdlovsk—now Yekaterinburg—roughly 900 mi (1,450 km) east of Moscow, sickened and killed around 100 people. The exact number of victims remains unknown because, as part of the Soviet government’s cover-up of the incident, which it blamed on tainted meat, all of the victims’ medical records were destroyed. What fortuitous weather condition likely prevented a much greater loss of life? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary