Initially, the reign of Roman emperor Hadrian was judicious. In Palestine, however, he proved himself ruthless. Around 130 CE, he began enforcing Romanizing policies among the Jews under his rule. With circumcision banned, Jews barred from Jerusalem, and a Roman temple being erected on the ruins of the Jewish one, the Jews revolted. Under the leadership of Simon Bar Kokhba, hailed by some as the Messiah, the Jews rebelled and established a sovereign state. How long did it survive? Discuss