Tessellations

Tessellations are patterns of carefully juxtaposed, non-overlapping shapes—like the multicolored tiles of a mosaic—that fill a given surface. They have been used throughout history, from ancient architecture to modern art, and are frequently found in the works of M.C. Escher. Regular tessellations, which are highly symmetrical and made up of congruent, regular polygons, can only be formed using equilateral triangles, squares, or hexagons. Where can tessellations be observed in the natural world? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Vintage

A term used to classify wine, vintage describes the yield of wine or grapes from a vineyard or region during one season and usually identifies a high quality product. In contrast, wine made from the produce of multiple years is deemed non-vintage. Wines of superior vintages often command higher prices than those from average vintages, especially if they are likely to improve with age. Were experts who took part in a recent blind tasting able to distinguish between wines of good and bad vintages? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

The African Wild Dog

The African wild dog has the strongest bite, relative to its mass, of any existing carnivorous mammal. Also known as the “painted dog,” the species can be identified by its mottled black, yellow, and white coat. Wild dogs once freely roamed sub-Saharan Africa, but they are now threatened by hunting, disease, and habitat loss. With fewer than 3,000 remaining in the wild, they have been named the second most endangered carnivore in Africa. How do they bring meat back to their dens after a hunt? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Baobab

Exceeded in trunk diameter only by sequoias, baobabs are gigantic trees native to Africa, Australia, and India. Some are reputed to be thousands of years old, but their ages are impossible to verify because the wood does not produce annual growth rings. Though wide enough to be hollowed out for dwellings, baobabs are not very tall, and are often called “bottle trees” and “upside-down trees” because of their appearance. What is “the Boab Prison Tree,” and how was it once used? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Guerrilla Gardening

Guerrilla gardening is a form of activism in which groups take over abandoned plots of land that they do not own in order to grow crops or plants. The earliest recorded use of the term was in 1973, when the Green Guerilla group transformed a derelict private lot in New York’s Bowery district into a garden. That garden is still being cared for by volunteers and is now protected by the city’s parks department. What American folk hero do some consider an early practitioner of guerrilla gardening? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

The Day After Roswell

In his book The Day After Roswell, US Army Lt. Colonel Philip Corso claims he participated in the study of extraterrestrial technology recovered from the alleged 1947 Roswell UFO crash. According to Corso, the reverse engineering of these artifacts indirectly led to the development of accelerated particle beam devices, fiber optics, lasers, integrated circuit chips, and Kevlar. Corso also claimed knowledge of a covert government group that had been tasked with what? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

King Zog

Zog I, born Ahmet Zogolli, was president of Albania from 1925 to 1928 and king from 1928 to 1939. During the worldwide depression of the 1930s, Zog’s government became almost completely dependent on Italy. Ultimately unable to check Italian dictator Benito Mussolini’s increasing control over his country, Zog was forced into exile. He formally abdicated in 1946, when Albania became a communist republic after WWII. How many assassination attempts is Zog said to have survived during his reign? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Fainting Goats

When a fainting goat is startled, its external muscles freeze for about 10 seconds, causing it collapse as if in a faint. Older goats generally learn to spread their legs or lean against something when startled and remain standing during these episodes. The condition is caused by a hereditary genetic disorder called myotonia congenita, which disrupts the flow of chloride ions into skeletal muscle cells. What key aspect of human fainting does not happen to these goats? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Reverse Engineering

Reverse engineering is the process of discovering the technological principles of a device through analysis of its structure, function, and operation. It often involves taking apart an electronic component, software program, or other device in order to redesign the system for better maintainability or produce a copy of a system without access to the original design. Militaries often use reverse engineering to copy other nations’ technology. What are some well-known examples from WWII? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Microcredit

Microcredit is the extension of small loans—which are not secured by collateral and often require repayment in weekly installments—to poor individuals for use in income-generating activities that will improve the borrowers’ living standards. The concept of microcredit was developed in 1976 by Muhammad Yunus, a Bangladeshi economist, as a means of alleviating poverty and improving the lives of Bangladesh’s poorest inhabitants. What group comprises the majority of microcredit borrowers? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary