Kamakura Matsuri (Snow Hut Festival)

Kamakura Matsuri is held in northern Japan in the Akita Prefecture, at the time of year when there is usually deep snow on the ground. In Yokote and other towns of the region, children build Kamakura, snow houses that resemble igloos. They furnish the huts with tatami mats and a wooden altar dedicated to Suijin-sama and have parties in them, while families gather to drink sweet sake and eat rice cakes and fruits. The rice cakes are made in the shape of cranes and turtles, traditional symbols of longevity, and of dogs called inukko, thought to guard against devils. Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Galileo Galilei (1564)

Galileo was a Tuscan astronomer, philosopher, and physicist whose technological advances and scientific investigations greatly enhanced humanity’s knowledge of the universe. Though his work is today considered crucial to the development of the modern scientific method, the Catholic Church of the 17th century tried him for heresy and forced him to abjure his findings. When did the Catholic Church finally reverse its position on Galileo and publicly declare that it had been in the wrong? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

The Aleppo Codex

The Aleppo Codex is one of the oldest manuscripts of the Masoretic Hebrew Bible. The scribe Shlomo ben Buya’a copied the text of the Codex circa 920 CE. It was delivered to the Karaite community of Jerusalem in the 11th century but was looted and taken to Cairo, Egypt. There, it was consulted by Maimonides, the most influential Jewish thinker of the Middle Ages. Later, it was taken to Aleppo, Syria, where the community guarded it zealously for 600 years. What happened to the Codex in 1947? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

St. Valentine’s Day Massacre (1929)

When Jack McGurn, a member of Al Capone’s gang, was almost killed by members of rival George “Bugs” Moran’s gang, Capone decided to retaliate by luring Bugs and some of his men to a warehouse and killing them. On the day of the massacre, Capone’s men thought that the rival crime boss had entered the warehouse and opened fire. They killed seven men but not Bugs—he had grown suspicious and changed his plans. One of the seven victims initially survived, despite how many gunshot wounds? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Douglass Day

Each year on February 14, Frederick Douglass‘s birthday is commemorated with a ceremony at the Frederick Douglass National Historic Site in Washington, DC. The event features speakers on human rights, recitations of excerpts from Douglass’s speeches, music performances, and a wreath-laying ceremony. Activities, including lectures, readings from his works, and film presentations about his life, are also planned in New Bedford, in Rochester, New York, where Douglass’s grave is located, and in many other locations throughout the country. Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

Max Horkheimer (1895)

Horkheimer was a German philosopher and sociologist and played an important role in the development of critical theory and Western Marxism. In Eclipse of Reason and Dialectic of Enlightenment, he developed a critique of scientific positivism, and his ideas about liberation and consumer society continue to influence contemporary empirical sociologists. What did Horkheimer believe to be the cause of the ills of modern society? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary

The Great Mississippi Flood

The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 was the most destructive river flood in US history. Following heavy rains in 1926, the Mississippi River broke out of its levee system in 145 places, causing over $400 million in damages and killing 246 people in seven states. After the disaster, the federal government took over flood-control work—stabilizing river banks, improving channels, and constructing levees, floodwalls, floodways, and reservoirs. What famous song was written about the flood? Discuss

Source: The Free Dictionary